Java Interview Questions with Answers

1) What is difference between JDK,JRE and JVM?

JVM

JVM is an acronym for Java Virtual Machine, it is an abstract machine which provides the runtime environment in which java bytecode can be executed.

JVMs are available for many hardware and software platforms (so JVM is plateform dependent).

JRE

JRE stands for Java Runtime Environment. It is the implementation of JVM and physically exists.

JDK

JDK is an acronym for Java Development Kit. It physically exists. It contains JRE + development tools.

2) How many types of memory areas are allocated by JVM?

Many types:

Class(Method) Area

Heap

Stack

Program Counter Register

Native Method Stack

more details...

3) What is JIT compiler?

Just-In-Time(JIT) compiler:It is used to improve the performance. JIT compiles parts of the byte code that have similar functionality at the same time, and hence reduces the amount of time needed for compilation.Here the term “compiler” refers to a translator from the instruction set of a Java virtual machine (JVM) to the instruction set of a specific CPU.

4) What is platform?

A platform is basically the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides software-based platform.

5) What is the main difference between Java platform and other platforms?

The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it's a software-based platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms.It has two components:

Runtime Environment

API(Application Programming Interface)

6) What gives Java its 'write once and run anywhere' nature?

The bytecode. Java is compiled to be a byte code which is the intermediate language between source code and machine code. This byte code is not platform specific and hence can be fed to any platform.

7) What is classloader?

The classloader is a subsystem of JVM that is used to load classes and interfaces.There are many types of classloaders e.g. Bootstrap classloader, Extension classloader, System classloader, Plugin classloader etc.

8) Is Empty .java file name a valid source file name?

Yes, save your java file by .java only, compile it by javac .java and run by java yourclassname Let's take a simple example:

//save by .java only  

class A{  

public static void main(String args[]){  

System.out.println("Hello java");  

}  

}  

//compile by javac .java  

//run by     java A  

compile it by javac .java

run it by java A

9) Is delete,next,main,exit or null keyword in java?

No.

10) If I don't provide any arguments on the command line, then the String array of Main method will be empty or null?

It is empty. But not null.

11) What if I write static public void instead of public static void?

Program compiles and runs properly.

12) What is the default value of the local variables?

The local variables are not initialized to any default value, neither primitives nor object references.

13) What is difference between object oriented programming language and object based programming language?

Object based programming languages follow all the features of OOPs except Inheritance. Examples of object based programming languages are JavaScript, VBScript etc.

14) What will be the initial value of an object reference which is defined as an instance variable?

The object references are all initialized to null in Java.

15) What is constructor?

• Constructor is just like a method that is used to initialize the state of an object. It is invoked at the time of object creation.

16) What is the purpose of default constructor?

• The default constructor provides the default values to the objects. The java compiler creates a default constructor only if there is no constructor in the class.

17) Does constructor return any value?

Ans:yes, that is current instance (You cannot use return type yet it returns a value).

18)Is constructor inherited?

No, constructor is not inherited.

19) Can you make a constructor final?

No, constructor can't be final.

20) What is static variable?

• static variable is used to refer the common property of all objects (that is not unique for each object) e.g. company name of employees,college name of students etc.
• static variable gets memory only once in class area at the time of class loading..